domingo, 11 de novembro de 2007

The top 100 living geniuses

Britain has more living geniuses per head of population than anywhere else in the world, according to a new survey which reveals the country's influence on science, technology, business and the arts.
Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the world wide web.Almost a quarter of those featured in the list of 100 living geniuses are Bri
tons, including Sir Tim Berners-Lee, who invented the world wide web, in joint first place, and physicist Stephen Hawking at seven in the list.
British artists and musicians feature heavily, including Brit Art leader Damien Hirst at number 15, poet Seamus Heaney at 26, playwright Harold Pinter at 31, Sir Paul McCart
ney at 58, David Bowie at 67, and Harry Potter author JK Rowling.
Sir Richard Branson, the head of Virgin Group, at 49, chimpanzee expert Jane Goodall, at 58, and psychologist Dorothy Rowe, at 72, also made the list.With 24 Britons
 in the list, the country has generated one living genius per 2.5 million people – a higher proportion than any other country.The list, compiled by a panel of six experts in creativity and
 i
nnovation, is jointly topped by Sir Tim and Albert Hofmann, the Swiss scientist who created the drug LSD.
They are followed by George Soros, the American financier and philanthropist, Matt Groening, creator of The Simpsons and Nelson Mandela, the former South African president.
There are also some surprise entrants. Osama Bin Laden ranks at number 43, a spot he shares with Bill Gates, the Microsoft founder and Mohammed Ali, the former world heavyweight boxing champion.
The Americans have 43 geniuses on the list – one per 6.9 million people.
Creators Synectics, a global consultants firm, chose their geniuses by awarding scores
 out of 10 to each entrant against a number of factor
s: paradigm shifting; popular acclaim; intellectual power; achievement and cultural importance. The firm emailed 4,000 Britons this summer and asked them to nominate up to 10 living people who they considered geniuses.
They received back 1,100 nominations for individuals in all walks of life, more than 60 per cent of whom were either American or English. Only 60 per cent were still alive.
The panel was then charged with ranking the list in order of genius and to present a resulting shortlist of 100, who were then scored against the five factors.

1= Albert Hoffman (Swiss) Chemist 27

2= Tim Berners-Lee (British) Computer Scientist 27

3= George Soros (American) Investor & Philanthropist 25

4= Matt Groening (American) Satirist & Animator 24

5= Nelson Mandela (South African) Politician & Diplomat 23

6= Frederick Sanger (British) Chemist 23

7= Dario Fo (Italian) Writer & Dramatist 22

8= Steven Hawking (British) Physicist 22

9= Oscar Niemeyer (Brazilian) Architect 21

10= Philip Glass (American) Composer 21

11= Grigory Perelman (Russian) Mathematician 21

12= Andrew Wiles (British) Mathematician 20

13= Li Hongzhi (Chinese) Spiritual Leader 20

14= Ali Javan (Iranian) Engineer 20

15= Brian Eno (British) Composer 19

16= Damian Hirst (British) Artist 19

17= Daniel Tammet (British) Savant & Linguist 19

18= Nicholson Baker (American Writer 18

19= Daniel Barenboim (N/A) Musician 17

20= Robert Crumb (American) Artist 16

21= Richard Dawkins (British) Biologist and philosopher 16

22= Larry Page & Sergey Brin (American) Publishers 16

23= Rupert Murdoch (American) Publisher 16

24= Geoffrey Hill (British) Poet 16

25= Garry Kasparov (Russian) Chess Player 15

26= The Dalai Lama (Tibetan) Spiritual Leader 14

27= Steven Spielberg (American) Film maker 14

28= Hiroshi Ishiguro (Japanese) Roboticist 14

29= Robert Edwards (British) Pioneer of IVF treatment 14

30= Seamus Heaney (Irish) Poet 14

31= Harold Pinter (British) Writer & Dramatist 13

32= Flossie Wong-Staal (Chinese) Bio-technologist 12

33= Bobby Fischer (American) Chess Player 12

34= Prince (American) Musician 12

35= Henrik Gorecki (Polish) Composer 12

36= Avram Noam Chomski (American) Philosopher & linguist 12

37= Sebastian Thrun (German) Probabilistic roboticist 12

38= Nima Arkani Hamed (Canadian) Physicist 12

39= Margaret Turnbull (American) Astrobiologist 12

40= Elaine Pagels (American) Historian 11

41= Enrique Ostrea (Philippino) Pediatrics & neonatology 11

42= Gary Becker (American) Economist 11

43= Mohammed Ali (American) Boxer 10

44= Osama Bin Laden (Saudi) Islamicist 10

45= Bill Gates (American) Businessman 10

46= Philip Roth (American) Writer 10

47= James West (American) Invented the foil electrical microphone 10

48= Tuan Vo-Dinh (Vietnamese) Bio-Medical Scientist 10

49= Brian Wilson (American) Musician 9

50= Stevie Wonder (American) Singer songwriter 9

51= Vint Cerf (American) Computer scientist 9

52= Henry Kissinger (American) Diplomat and politician 9

53= Richard Branson (British) Publicist 9

54= Pardis Sabeti (Iranian) Biological anthropologist 9

55= Jon de Mol (Dutch) Television producer 9

56= Meryl Streep (American) Actress 9

57= Margaret Attwood (Canadian) Writer 9

58= Placido Domingo (Spanish) Singer 8

59= John Lasseter (American) Digital Animator 8

60= Shunpei Yamazaki (Japanese) Computer scientist & physicist 8

61= Jane Goodall (British) Ethologist & Anthropologist 8

62= Kirti Narayan Chaudhuri (Indian) Historian 8

63= John Goto (British) Photographer 8

64= Paul McCartney (British) Musician 8

65= Stephen King (American) Writer 8

66= Leonard Cohen (American) Poet & musician 8

67= Aretha Franklin (American) Musician 7

68= David Bowie (British) Musician 7

69= Emily Oster (American) Economist 7

70= Steve Wozniak (American) Engineer and co-founder of Apple Computers 7

71= Martin Cooper (American) Inventor of the cell phone 7

72= George Lucas (American) Film maker 6

73= Niles Rogers (American) Musician 6

74= Hans Zimmer (German) Composer 6

75= John Williams (American) Composer 6

76= Annette Baier (New Zealander) Philosopher 6

77= Dorothy Rowe (British) Psychologist 6

78= Ivan Marchuk (Ukrainian) Artist & sculptor 6

79= Robin Escovado (American) Composer 6

80= Mark Dean (American) Inventor & computer scientist 6

81= Rick Rubin (American) Musician & producer 6

82= Stan Lee (American) Publisher 6

83= David Warren (Australian) Engineer 5

84= Jon Fosse (Norwegian) Writer & dramatist

85= Gjertrud Schnackenberg (American) Poet 5

86= Graham Linehan (Irish) Writer & dramatist 5

87= JK Rowling (British) Writer 5

88= Ken Russell (British) Film maker 5

89= Mikhail Timofeyevich Kalashnikov (Russian) Small arms designer 5

90= Erich Jarvis (American) Neurobiologist 5

91=. Chad Varah (British) Founder of Samaritans 4

92= Nicolas Hayek (Swiss) Businessman and founder of Swatch 4

93= Alastair Hannay (British) Philosopher 4

94= Patricia Bath (American) Ophthalmologist

95= Thomas A. Jackson (American) Aerospace engineer 3

96= Dolly Parton (American) Singer 3

97= Morissey (British) Singer 3

98= Michael Eavis (British) Organiser of Glastonbury 3

99= Ranulph Fiennes (British) Adventurer 3

100= Quentin Tarantino (American) Filmmaker 2



Source: The Telegraph - 28th of October, 2007.


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